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Old Testament Overview - Israel's Festivals
Festival |
Their Time |
Our Time |
Purpose |
Scriptures |
Sacrifices |
| 1. Sabbath | every 7th day |
every 7th day |
Commemorates 7th day when God rested (typical of our rest in Christ - Matt 11:28 Heb 3:11, 4:3-5 |
Exodus 20:8-11, 31:12-17; Lev 23:1-3 Num 28:9, 10 Deut 16:1-8 |
Burnt: 2 lambs Meal & Drink |
| 2. Passover | 1st month 14th day |
April |
Symbolizes deliverance from Egypt (typical of deliverance from our bondage to sin through Jesus Christ's death - I Cor 5:7,8 | Exodus 12:1-13 Lev 23:5-8 Num 28:16-25 Deut 16:1-8 |
Passover lamb Unleavened bread Burnt: 2 oxen, 1 ram, 7 lambs Sin: 1 goat Meal & Drink (each day) |
| Unleavened Bread |
1st month 15-21 days |
April |
(Typical of need for separation from sin - I Cor 5:7,8 | See above |
|
| First Fruits | 1st month 16th day |
April |
(Symbolizes thanksgiving for beginning of harvest) (typical of Christ the first fruits of those who will raise from the dead - I Cor 15:20-22) | Lev 23:9-14 | Burnt: 1 lamb Meal & Drink |
| 3. Pentecost | 7 weeks after Passover |
June |
Offering of the first fruits to God (in the forms of two loaves of bread - Lev 23:16:17) (Typical of church, Acts 2, the 1st harvest of Christmas) | Exodus 34:22 Lev 23:15-22 Num 28:26-31 Deut 16:9-12 |
Burnt: 2 oxen, 1 ram, 7 male lambs Sin: 1 goat Meal & Drink |
| 4. Trumpets | 7th month |
Sept. |
Sets apart 7th month to God (7th month of religious year and first month of civil year) (typical of the rapture and the return of Christ - I Thess 4:16,17; I Cor 15:52) | Lev 23:23-25; Num 29:1-6 |
Burnt: 1 ox & 7 male lambs Sin: 1 goat Meal & Drink (plus new moon offerings) |
| 5. Day of Attonement | 7th month 10th day |
October |
Atonement for all sin of Irsael (Good Friday of Old Testament) (typical of Jesus Christ's death for the sins of all amnkind - Heb 9:11,12) (and final cleansing of Israel - Zech 12:10, 13:1) | Exodus 30:10; Lev 23:26-32; 16:1-34; Num 29:7-11 |
Burnt: 1 oxen, 1 ram, 7 male lambs Sin: 1 oxen, 1 goat, 1 scapegoat Meal & Drink |
| 6. Tabernacles | 7th month |
October |
Commemorates wilderness journey Exod 23:16b; Lev 23:43 (typical of millennial reign of Christ - Zech 14:16) | Lev 23:34-42; Num 29:12-38; Deut 16:13-15, 31:9-13 |
Burnt: 71 oxen, 7 male lambs, 105 lambs, 8 goats Meal & Drink |
| 7. Sabbatical Year | every 7th year (begins in 7th month) |
every 7th year |
Period of grace: (1) rest for soil (2) fruits of ground were free to the poor (3) debtors freed from their debts |
Exodus 23:10,11; Lev 25:2-7; Deut 15:1-18 |
|
| 8. Year of Jubilee |
every 50th year |
every 50th year |
Period of grace: (1) rest for soil (2) land redeemed (3) slaves set free |
Lev 25:8-55, 27:16-25 | |
| 9. New Moon | first day of each month |
new moon |
Sets apart months to God | Num 10:10, 28:11-15 | Burnt: 2 oxen, 1 ram, 7 lambs Sin: 1 goat Meal & Drink |
| 10. Daily offerings | daily (evening and morn.) |
daily (evening and morn.) |
The continual need of a sacrifice to cleanse from sin | Exod 29:38-42; Num 28:1-8 |
Burnt: lamb (morn. & evening) Meal & Drink |
